During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, my country's national economy maintained steady and rapid development, and the scale of fixed asset investment continued to expand, providing a good market environment for the development of the construction industry.
1. Development status and facing situation
During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, my country's national economy maintained steady and rapid development, and the scale of fixed asset investment continued to expand, providing a good market environment for the development of the construction industry.
(1) Development achievements
—— Brilliant achievements in engineering construction. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the construction industry completed a series of major projects with advanced design concepts, complex structural shapes, high technology content, high requirements for use, and difficult construction, which attracted the attention of the world; completed residential buildings of tens of billions of square meters , Has made outstanding contributions to improving the living conditions of urban and rural residents.
——The scale of the industry hit a record high. In 2010, the nationally qualified general contracting and professional contracting construction enterprises completed a total construction industry output value of 9.5206 billion yuan, and the construction industry realized an added value of 2645.1 billion yuan; the operating income of national engineering survey and design enterprises was 954.7 billion yuan; national engineering supervision Enterprise operating income was 119.6 billion yuan. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the construction industry's added value increased by an average annual rate of 20.6%, the national engineering survey and design enterprises' operating income increased by an average annual rate of 26.5%, and the national engineering supervision enterprises' operating income increased by 33.7%, both exceeding the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan". Development goals.
——The pillar position in the national economy has been continuously strengthened. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the added value of the construction industry accounted for about 6% of GDP, and reached 6.6% in 2010. The construction industry has more than 40 million employees in society, and it has become an important industry that absorbs a large number of rural surplus laborers and stimulates the development of the national economy, and its pillar status in the national economy has been continuously strengthened.
——New progress has been made in international market development. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, construction companies actively explored the international market, and the turnover of foreign contracted projects increased by more than 30% annually. In 2010, the turnover of foreign contracted projects was US$92.2 billion, and the value of newly signed contracts was US$134.4 billion.
-Technological progress and innovation have achieved remarkable results. Since the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", many large-scale engineering survey and design companies and construction companies have increased their investment in science and technology, established corporate technology development centers and management systems, paid attention to the research of engineering technical standards and specifications, highlighted key technological breakthroughs, and significantly improved their design and construction capabilities. . Super high-rise and large-span housing construction, design, construction and installation of large-scale industrial facilities, large-span and long-distance bridge construction, high-speed railways, mass concrete dams, steel structure construction, UHV power transmission and other fields have reached international leading or advanced levels.
——The supervision mechanism is gradually improved. Since the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", government departments have issued a series of regulations and policy documents such as construction market supervision, project quality and safety management, and standard quota management. The supervision mechanism has been gradually improved, supervision has been gradually increased, and the project quality and safety situation has continued to improve.
(2) Main issues
The industry's sustainable development capabilities are insufficient. The development of the construction industry still relies to a large extent on the rapid growth of investment in fixed assets. The development model is extensive, the level of industrialization, informatization, and standardization is low, and management methods are outdated; construction resources consume a lot of resources, and carbon emissions are prominent; most companies have technology R&D investment is low, the number of patents and proprietary technologies is small; high-quality compound talents are lacking, and the technical level of front-line employees is not high.
The behavior of market entities is irregular. It is common for construction units to violate legal construction procedures, evade bidding, false bidding, arbitrarily shorten the construction period, maliciously lower prices, and fail to strictly implement the mandatory standards and specifications of project construction; construction companies sell, lend qualifications, bid rigging, colluding bids, subcontracting, etc. Illegal subcontracting is still prominent; the main responsibilities of all parties in the construction project are not fulfilled, some construction companies have insufficient investment in quality and safety production, construction site management is chaotic, some supervision companies do not earnestly perform statutory duties, and some registered personnel do not fulfill their professional responsibilities. Safety accidents happen from time to time.
Government supervision needs to be strengthened. The construction market, quality and safety, standards and regulations, and engineering cost regulations are not yet complete, and the relevant policies for the development of the construction industry are not matched; supervision methods need to be improved, and supervision needs to be further strengthened; an honest and trustworthy industry self-discipline mechanism has not yet been formed.
(3) Facing the situation
The "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period is a critical period for building a well-off society in an all-round way. It is a crucial period for deepening reform and opening up and accelerating the transformation of economic development mode. With the in-depth development of my country's industrialization, informatization, urbanization, marketization, and internationalization, the scale of infrastructure construction will continue to grow, and economic globalization will continue to develop in depth, bringing more opportunities for the construction industry to "go global." The "Twelfth Five-Year" period is still an important period of strategic opportunities for the development of the construction industry.
At the same time, the construction industry is also facing the increase of high, large, difficult, and new projects. The requirements of all types of owners for design, construction and service quality continue to increase, the external constraints on energy conservation and emission reduction have increased, and high-quality compound and skilled talents Insufficiency, shortage of skilled workers, and intensified competition in the construction market at home and abroad.
2. Guiding ideology, basic principles and development goals
(1) Guiding ideology
Guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of "Three Represents", thoroughly implement the scientific development concept, focus on ensuring project quality and safety, accelerate the transformation of the construction industry development mode and adjust the industrial structure as the main line, and focus on building energy conservation and emission reduction , To continue to deepen the reform of the construction industry system and mechanism as the driving force, to improve the legal system and standard system as the focus, with technological progress and innovation as the support, increase government supervision, strengthen industry development guidance, and promote the sustainable development of the construction industry.
(2) Basic principles
——Adhere to the combination of market regulation and government supervision. In the whole process of project construction, follow the laws of market economy and give full play to the basic role of the market in allocating resources; strengthen the government's supervision of construction market order, quality and safety, and form a unified, open, competitive and orderly construction market environment.
——Insist on the combination of industry technological progress and scale growth. Transform the development mode of the construction industry, gradually change the development model of the construction industry that relies solely on scale expansion, focus on improving the quality of the team, and upgrade the technology, management, and standardization of the construction industry, so that the technological progress of the industry and the scale of the industry develop simultaneously.
——Insist on the combination of domestic and international market development. To meet the development needs of the country to adjust and optimize the investment structure, guide enterprises to rationally adjust their business layout and business structure, and expand the domestic market; accelerate the implementation of the "going out" development strategy, give full play to the supporting and guiding role of engineering construction standards and the leading role of engineering design consulting, and further Improve the foreign project contracting capabilities of construction companies and actively explore the international market.
——Insist on the combination of energy saving and emission reduction with technological innovation. Develop green buildings, strengthen energy conservation and emission reduction in the whole process of engineering construction, and realize low-consumption, environmental protection and high-efficiency production; vigorously promote technological innovation and management innovation in the construction industry, promote green construction, develop modern industrial production methods, and make energy conservation and emission reduction a construction industry Develop new growth points.
—— Persist in the combination of deepening reform and stable development. Continue to promote the restructuring and reorganization of large state-owned survey, design and construction enterprises, establish and improve a modern enterprise system, and support the development of non-public enterprises; improve engineering construction laws and regulations, improve market mechanisms, protect the legitimate rights and interests of construction workers, and promote the stable development of the construction industry.
(3) Development goals
By the end of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, strive to achieve the following goals:
1. Industry scale target. Based on the completion of social fixed asset investment and construction tasks, the total output value of the construction industry and the added value of the construction industry across the country have increased by more than 15% annually; the operating income of national engineering survey and design enterprises has increased by more than 15% annually; the national engineering supervision, cost consulting, The business income of bidding agency and other engineering consulting service companies has increased by more than 20% annually; the business revenue of foreign contracted projects by construction companies nationwide has increased by more than 20% annually. Consolidate the status of a pillar industry in the construction industry.
2. The goal of talent team building. Basically implement the practice qualification management system for survey and design registered engineers, and improve the practice system for registered construction engineers, registered supervision engineers, and registered cost engineers. Cultivate a group of professional and technical personnel, compound personnel and high-skilled personnel who meet the needs of engineering construction. Strengthen the training and assessment of labor personnel, improve the skills and standardization awareness of labor personnel, and the rate of construction workers holding certificates at the construction site will reach more than 90%. Adjust and optimize the team structure, promote large-scale enterprises to become stronger and bigger, and small and medium-sized enterprises to be specialized and refined, forming a group of international engineering companies and engineering consulting and design companies with strong international competitiveness.
3. Technical progress goals. The survey and design, construction technology, standards and specifications in important engineering construction fields such as high-rise buildings, underground engineering, high-speed railways, highways, hydropower, and nuclear power have reached the international advanced level. Increase investment in science and technology. The annual science and technology expenditures of large-scale backbone engineering survey and design units account for no less than 3% of the company's annual survey and design operating income, and the annual science and technology expenditures of other engineering survey and design units account for no less than the company's annual operating income. 1.5%; the annual scientific and technological expenditures of super-level construction contractors account for no less than 0.5% of the company's annual operating income. Special-class and first-class construction companies, Class-A survey, design, supervision, cost consulting, bidding agency and other engineering consulting service companies establish and operate internal local area networks and management information platforms. More than 60% of the super-level construction general contracting enterprises have achieved real-time network monitoring of construction projects. Large-scale backbone engineering design companies have basically established design integration systems for collaborative design and three-dimensional design, and large-scale backbone survey companies have established three-dimensional stratum information systems.
4. Building energy efficiency goals. The green building and green construction evaluation system is basically established; the energy consumption per unit value added in the construction process of building products is reduced by 10%, the amount of concrete above C60 reaches 10% of the total amount, the amount of steel bars above HRB400 reaches 45% of the total amount, and the proportion of steel structure projects increases . The engineering design of new projects meets the national building energy-saving standards to reach 100%, and the construction of new projects meets the requirements of the national building energy-saving standards; the contribution rate of the entire industry to a resource-saving society has increased significantly.
5. The goal of construction market supervision. The construction market supervision regulations have been further improved; the systems for market access and clearance, project bidding, project supervision, contract management, and project cost management are basically sound; project guarantees and insurance systems are gradually implemented; the individual registration practice system is further promoted; the national construction market supervision The information system is basically complete; the construction market supervision system that combines effective administrative law enforcement, industry self-discipline, and social supervision has basically taken shape; the behavior of all parties in the market is basically standardized, and the construction market order has improved significantly.
6. Quality and safety supervision goals. The quality and safety laws and regulations system has been further improved, and the engineering construction standard system has been further improved; the overall quality of construction projects across the country has maintained a steady increase, the quality of national key projects has reached the international advanced level, and the management of common engineering quality problems has made significant progress, and the safety and durability of construction projects The rate of complaints about the quality of residential projects has decreased year by year, and the satisfaction of residential quality has been greatly improved; the safety production situation has remained stable and improved, effectively curbing major safety accidents in housing construction and municipal engineering, and resolutely curbing major and above production safety accidents. In 2015, the death toll from production safety accidents in housing construction and municipal engineering dropped by more than 11% compared with 2010.
3. Main tasks and policy measures
(1) Adjust and optimize the industrial structure
1. Promote the development of small and medium-sized construction enterprises in the direction of specialization, specialization and precision. By improving the market access system, standardizing the market behavior of all parties, broaden the market space for the development of small and medium construction enterprises. By giving corresponding support policies to small and medium construction enterprises, providing public services such as financing, information, government procurement preferences, training, etc., promote the development of small and medium construction enterprises in the direction of specialization, specialization and precision, vigorously develop construction labor enterprises, and actively guide construction turnover materials and equipment , Machinery and equipment and other leasing market development.
2. Vigorously develop professional engineering consulting services. Create a policy and institutional environment conducive to the development of the engineering consulting service industry, and promote the large-scale, brand-based, and networked operation of engineering consulting service companies such as engineering survey, design, supervision, cost, and bidding agency, innovate service products, and improve service quality. The owner or client provides professional value-added services.
(2) Strengthen technological progress and innovation
1. Improve the technical policy system of the construction industry. Establish a catalog of key engineering technologies, improve the evaluation and reward system for technological achievements, summarize and promote advanced technological achievements, and continue to increase the promotion of advanced applicable technologies such as "10 new technologies in the construction industry. Accelerate the formulation of relevant policies to promote and encourage enterprise technological innovation, and improve relevant incentive mechanisms.
2. Establish and improve the technological innovation system of the construction industry. Accelerate the establishment of an industry technological innovation system that takes enterprises as the main body, market-oriented, and combines production, education and research. Guide enterprises to increase investment in technology research and development, speed up technological transformation, and form technical reserves of patents, know-how, standards, specifications, and construction methods through strategic alliances, strategic cooperation, school-enterprise cooperation, technology transfer, and technology equity participation. Actively apply advanced technology in China, improve engineering technology content, and promote technological update and innovation in the construction industry.
3. Actively promote the industrialization of construction. Research and promote the standardization of structural parts, parts, components, doors and windows, enrich the types, versatility, and interchangeability of standard parts, and promote the industrialization of buildings with standardization; improve the industrialized manufacturing level of building components and promote the integration and modularization of structural components Production; Encourage the development of construction engineering manufacturing and assembly technology, encourage capable enterprises to adopt manufacturing and assembly methods in some applicable projects, and further improve the level of construction mechanization; encourage and promote the delivery of new affordable housing and commercial housing with menu-style decoration.
4. Comprehensively improve the level of industry informatization. Strengthen guidance, overall planning, classified guidance, and focus on promoting construction enterprise management and core business informatization construction and the application of special information technology. Establish an informatization standard system covering the entire process of design and construction, accelerate the preparation of key informatization standards, and promote industry information sharing. Use information technology to strengthen project process management, enterprise intensive management, and collaborative work, improve the application level of information technology in project management, design, construction, and engineering consulting services, and promote technological progress in industry management.
(3) Promote building energy conservation and emission reduction
1. Strictly fulfill the responsibility of energy saving and emission reduction. Government departments must conscientiously fulfill their responsibilities for the supervision of building energy-saving standards, and focus on the supervision and inspection of energy-saving standards during the design and construction phases. All types of enterprises should consciously fulfill their social responsibilities for energy conservation and emission reduction, strictly implement national and local energy conservation and emission reduction standards, and ensure that energy conservation and emission reduction standards are in place.
2. Encourage the use of advanced energy saving and emission reduction technologies and materials. Establish an incentive mechanism that is conducive to the low-carbon development of the construction industry, encourage the conversion of advanced and mature energy-saving and emission-reduction technologies, processes, methods, and products to engineering construction standards and applications, reduce the use of building materials with large carbon emissions, and gradually increase high-intensity and high-intensity The proportion of performance building materials used. Promote the effective treatment and reuse of construction waste, control noise and water pollution during the construction process, and reduce the negative impact of the construction process on the environment. Carry out pilot projects of energy-saving and emission-reduction technology integration projects such as green construction demonstration projects, and establish a comprehensive green labeling system for housing construction.
(4) Strengthen quality and safety supervision
1. Improve laws and regulations and standards. Establish and improve construction drawing review, quality supervision, quality inspection, completion acceptance filing, quality warranty, quality insurance, quality evaluation and other engineering quality regulations and systems. Study the establishment of safety supervision regulations and systems such as the leadership of construction enterprises and project department heads, hidden danger investigation and management, and listing supervision. Gradually form a legal system for project quality and safety supervision and technical management that adapts to the current economic and social development and meets the needs of project construction. Continuously improve the engineering quality and safety production standard system. Accelerate the transformation of technological innovation results into technical standards, and continue to complete